Patrick Leven

BACKGROUND: Perianal fistulae are highly morbid complications of Crohn’s disease (CD) with a cumulative incidence of 20-25%; despite demonstrated efficacy of infliximab treatment, estimates of complete resolution are only 20-30%. Ultimately, 20% of patients will require proctectomy…

_BACKGROUND:_ Current studies provide compelling evidence that the enteric nervous system (ENS), together with immune cells, modulate neuroimmune processes in the gut. Previous work revealed the essential role of resident macrophages (Macs) therein…