Margreet Vos

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Despite extensive cleaning and disinfection protocols, 5-15% of ready-to-use duodenoscopes are still contaminated with high concern (HC) microorganisms such as _Klebsiella pneumoniae_, _Escherichia coli_ and _Pseudomonas aeruginosa_…

BACKGROUND: The use of contaminated duodenoscopes in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has caused numerous healthcare-associated infection outbreaks. Despite adherence to reprocessing protocols, duodenoscopes often remain contaminated…